Types of foundations and various foundation using in construction and their uses

Hi friends, I'm going to explain what is foundation ? Before going to be explaine foundation, I'll explain two things about the foundation

The every structure is divided into two parts, those are one is super structure, another one is sub structure. The is part of sub structure. Now what is super structure and what is substructure.

The super structure is nothing but it is a structure which constructed above the ground surface.
 The substructure is nothing but it is structure which is constructed below the ground level.
The foundation is belongs to substructure because of it is constructed below the ground level..
Now

• Why should be provide foundation to every structure ?

 The structure having different loads , that loads should transfer to the earth then only the structure will stable or stand to loading otherwise it will collapse.

Foundation:
The foundation is one structure which is constructed below the ground level or ground surface, it is transfer loads from above structure to earth. It is important structure, the hole structure stability is depends upon its which type of foundation provided for it

The foundation are classified into different types according to their usage or function

1. Shallow foundation:

•  Individual or isolated foundation
•  Spread or wall foundation
•  Combined foundation
•  Raft and mat foundation

2. Deep foundation

•  Pile foundation
•  Caisson foundation
•  Cylinder foundation
• 
  

1.Shallow foundation:

 It is one type of foundation which is using regularly to the residential buildings. In this type of foundation the depth of the foundation adopted should be less than 3 metres . And also this type of foundation is classified into different types ..

• Individual or Isolated foundation.

 This type of foundation is adopted when the every column is individual. In this type of foundation, the footing of every column is square or rectangular shape... According their requirement. This type of foundation is used regular residential buildings..

• Spread footing or foundation 

The spread footing is adopted when the wall is constructed without a column below the wall the spread footing will constructed to resist the loads from super structure .

• Combined foundation.

 This type of foundation is adopted when the any two or three columns are closely together on that time (or when the two columns are overlapping each other at foundation ) the combined footing is preferred..

• Raft and mat foundation

This type of foundation is adopted when the all columns are closely each other. And when distance between one column to another column is very less on that time this type foundation is preferred..

 2.Deep foundation

 The deep foundation is used for heavy structures. In this of foundation the depth of foundation is more than 3 metres and upto where the hard soil is obtained in grind..

     It's is pile foundation